Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes. It happens when the body can't use sugar (glucose) for energy — usually because insulin levels are too low — and starts breaking down fat instead.
When fat is broken down for energy, it produces acids called ketones. When Show Full Answer
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes. It happens when the body can't use sugar (glucose) for energy — usually because insulin levels are too low — and starts breaking down fat instead.
When fat is broken down for energy, it produces acids called ketones. When ketones build up too quickly in the bloodstream, the blood becomes dangerously acidic. Common symptoms of DKA include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Stomach pain
- Shortness of breath or rapid breathing
- Fruity-smelling breath
- Confusion or difficulty thinking
- Extreme fatigue
DKA is more common in type 1 diabetes, but it can also occur in type 2 diabetes — especially during illness or infection, which can raise blood sugar levels significantly.
If DKA is suspected, it's a medical emergency and requires immediate attention. Treatment typically involves IV insulin and fluids to bring levels back under control.
Keeping blood sugar well managed is the best way to reduce the risk of DKA. Always have a sick-day plan in place and contact a healthcare provider early if feeling unwell.
May 25
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